# (c) 2012-2014, Michael DeHaan # # This file is part of Ansible # # Ansible is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or # (at your option) any later version. # # Ansible is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with Ansible. If not, see . # Make coding more python3-ish from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function) __metaclass__ = type import ast import contextlib import datetime import os import pwd import re import time from collections import Sequence, Mapping from functools import wraps from io import StringIO from numbers import Number try: from hashlib import sha1 except ImportError: from sha import sha as sha1 from jinja2.exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError, UndefinedError from jinja2.loaders import FileSystemLoader from jinja2.runtime import Context, StrictUndefined from ansible import constants as C from ansible.errors import AnsibleError, AnsibleFilterError, AnsibleUndefinedVariable, AnsibleAssertionError from ansible.module_utils.six import string_types, text_type from ansible.module_utils._text import to_native, to_text, to_bytes from ansible.plugins.loader import filter_loader, lookup_loader, test_loader from ansible.template.safe_eval import safe_eval from ansible.template.template import AnsibleJ2Template from ansible.template.vars import AnsibleJ2Vars from ansible.utils.unsafe_proxy import UnsafeProxy, wrap_var try: from __main__ import display except ImportError: from ansible.utils.display import Display display = Display() __all__ = ['Templar', 'generate_ansible_template_vars'] # A regex for checking to see if a variable we're trying to # expand is just a single variable name. # Primitive Types which we don't want Jinja to convert to strings. NON_TEMPLATED_TYPES = (bool, Number) JINJA2_OVERRIDE = '#jinja2:' USE_JINJA2_NATIVE = False if C.DEFAULT_JINJA2_NATIVE: try: from jinja2.nativetypes import NativeEnvironment as Environment from ansible.template.native_helpers import ansible_native_concat as j2_concat USE_JINJA2_NATIVE = True except ImportError: from jinja2 import Environment from jinja2.utils import concat as j2_concat from jinja2 import __version__ as j2_version display.warning( 'jinja2_native requires Jinja 2.10 and above. ' 'Version detected: %s. Falling back to default.' % j2_version ) else: from jinja2 import Environment from jinja2.utils import concat as j2_concat def generate_ansible_template_vars(path): b_path = to_bytes(path) try: template_uid = pwd.getpwuid(os.stat(b_path).st_uid).pw_name except (KeyError, TypeError): template_uid = os.stat(b_path).st_uid temp_vars = {} temp_vars['template_host'] = to_text(os.uname()[1]) temp_vars['template_path'] = path temp_vars['template_mtime'] = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(b_path)) temp_vars['template_uid'] = to_text(template_uid) temp_vars['template_fullpath'] = os.path.abspath(path) temp_vars['template_run_date'] = datetime.datetime.now() managed_default = C.DEFAULT_MANAGED_STR managed_str = managed_default.format( host=temp_vars['template_host'], uid=temp_vars['template_uid'], file=temp_vars['template_path'], ) temp_vars['ansible_managed'] = to_text(time.strftime(to_native(managed_str), time.localtime(os.path.getmtime(b_path)))) return temp_vars def _escape_backslashes(data, jinja_env): """Double backslashes within jinja2 expressions A user may enter something like this in a playbook:: debug: msg: "Test Case 1\\3; {{ test1_name | regex_replace('^(.*)_name$', '\\1')}}" The string inside of the {{ gets interpreted multiple times First by yaml. Then by python. And finally by jinja2 as part of it's variable. Because it is processed by both python and jinja2, the backslash escaped characters get unescaped twice. This means that we'd normally have to use four backslashes to escape that. This is painful for playbook authors as they have to remember different rules for inside vs outside of a jinja2 expression (The backslashes outside of the "{{ }}" only get processed by yaml and python. So they only need to be escaped once). The following code fixes this by automatically performing the extra quoting of backslashes inside of a jinja2 expression. """ if '\\' in data and '{{' in data: new_data = [] d2 = jinja_env.preprocess(data) in_var = False for token in jinja_env.lex(d2): if token[1] == 'variable_begin': in_var = True new_data.append(token[2]) elif token[1] == 'variable_end': in_var = False new_data.append(token[2]) elif in_var and token[1] == 'string': # Double backslashes only if we're inside of a jinja2 variable new_data.append(token[2].replace('\\', '\\\\')) else: new_data.append(token[2]) data = ''.join(new_data) return data def _count_newlines_from_end(in_str): ''' Counts the number of newlines at the end of a string. This is used during the jinja2 templating to ensure the count matches the input, since some newlines may be thrown away during the templating. ''' try: i = len(in_str) j = i - 1 while in_str[j] == '\n': j -= 1 return i - 1 - j except IndexError: # Uncommon cases: zero length string and string containing only newlines return i def tests_as_filters_warning(name, func): ''' Closure to enable displaying a deprecation warning when tests are used as a filter This closure is only used when registering ansible provided tests as filters This function should be removed in 2.9 along with registering ansible provided tests as filters in Templar._get_filters ''' @wraps(func) def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): display.deprecated( 'Using tests as filters is deprecated. Instead of using `result|%(name)s` use ' '`result is %(name)s`' % dict(name=name), version='2.9' ) return func(*args, **kwargs) return wrapper class AnsibleContext(Context): ''' A custom context, which intercepts resolve() calls and sets a flag internally if any variable lookup returns an AnsibleUnsafe value. This flag is checked post-templating, and (when set) will result in the final templated result being wrapped via UnsafeProxy. ''' def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(AnsibleContext, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.unsafe = False def _is_unsafe(self, val): ''' Our helper function, which will also recursively check dict and list entries due to the fact that they may be repr'd and contain a key or value which contains jinja2 syntax and would otherwise lose the AnsibleUnsafe value. ''' if isinstance(val, dict): for key in val.keys(): if self._is_unsafe(val[key]): return True elif isinstance(val, list): for item in val: if self._is_unsafe(item): return True elif isinstance(val, string_types) and hasattr(val, '__UNSAFE__'): return True return False def _update_unsafe(self, val): if val is not None and not self.unsafe and self._is_unsafe(val): self.unsafe = True def resolve(self, key): ''' The intercepted resolve(), which uses the helper above to set the internal flag whenever an unsafe variable value is returned. ''' val = super(AnsibleContext, self).resolve(key) self._update_unsafe(val) return val def resolve_or_missing(self, key): val = super(AnsibleContext, self).resolve_or_missing(key) self._update_unsafe(val) return val class AnsibleEnvironment(Environment): ''' Our custom environment, which simply allows us to override the class-level values for the Template and Context classes used by jinja2 internally. ''' context_class = AnsibleContext template_class = AnsibleJ2Template class Templar: ''' The main class for templating, with the main entry-point of template(). ''' def __init__(self, loader, shared_loader_obj=None, variables=None): variables = {} if variables is None else variables self._loader = loader self._filters = None self._tests = None self._available_variables = variables self._cached_result = {} if loader: self._basedir = loader.get_basedir() else: self._basedir = './' if shared_loader_obj: self._filter_loader = getattr(shared_loader_obj, 'filter_loader') self._test_loader = getattr(shared_loader_obj, 'test_loader') self._lookup_loader = getattr(shared_loader_obj, 'lookup_loader') else: self._filter_loader = filter_loader self._test_loader = test_loader self._lookup_loader = lookup_loader # flags to determine whether certain failures during templating # should result in fatal errors being raised self._fail_on_lookup_errors = True self._fail_on_filter_errors = True self._fail_on_undefined_errors = C.DEFAULT_UNDEFINED_VAR_BEHAVIOR self.environment = AnsibleEnvironment( trim_blocks=True, undefined=StrictUndefined, extensions=self._get_extensions(), finalize=self._finalize, loader=FileSystemLoader(self._basedir), ) # the current rendering context under which the templar class is working self.cur_context = None self.SINGLE_VAR = re.compile(r"^%s\s*(\w*)\s*%s$" % (self.environment.variable_start_string, self.environment.variable_end_string)) self._clean_regex = re.compile(r'(?:%s|%s|%s|%s)' % ( self.environment.variable_start_string, self.environment.block_start_string, self.environment.block_end_string, self.environment.variable_end_string )) self._no_type_regex = re.compile(r'.*?\|\s*(?:%s)(?:\([^\|]*\))?\s*\)?\s*(?:%s)' % ('|'.join(C.STRING_TYPE_FILTERS), self.environment.variable_end_string)) def _get_filters(self, builtin_filters): ''' Returns filter plugins, after loading and caching them if need be ''' if self._filters is not None: return self._filters.copy() self._filters = dict() # TODO: Remove registering tests as filters in 2.9 for name, func in self._get_tests().items(): if name in builtin_filters: # If we have a custom test named the same as a builtin filter, don't register as a filter continue self._filters[name] = tests_as_filters_warning(name, func) for fp in self._filter_loader.all(): self._filters.update(fp.filters()) return self._filters.copy() def _get_tests(self): ''' Returns tests plugins, after loading and caching them if need be ''' if self._tests is not None: return self._tests.copy() self._tests = dict() for fp in self._test_loader.all(): self._tests.update(fp.tests()) return self._tests.copy() def _get_extensions(self): ''' Return jinja2 extensions to load. If some extensions are set via jinja_extensions in ansible.cfg, we try to load them with the jinja environment. ''' jinja_exts = [] if C.DEFAULT_JINJA2_EXTENSIONS: # make sure the configuration directive doesn't contain spaces # and split extensions in an array jinja_exts = C.DEFAULT_JINJA2_EXTENSIONS.replace(" ", "").split(',') return jinja_exts def _clean_data(self, orig_data): ''' remove jinja2 template tags from data ''' if hasattr(orig_data, '__ENCRYPTED__'): ret = orig_data elif isinstance(orig_data, list): clean_list = [] for list_item in orig_data: clean_list.append(self._clean_data(list_item)) ret = clean_list elif isinstance(orig_data, (dict, Mapping)): clean_dict = {} for k in orig_data: clean_dict[self._clean_data(k)] = self._clean_data(orig_data[k]) ret = clean_dict elif isinstance(orig_data, string_types): # This will error with str data (needs unicode), but all strings should already be converted already. # If you get exception, the problem is at the data origin, do not add to_text here. with contextlib.closing(StringIO(orig_data)) as data: # these variables keep track of opening block locations, as we only # want to replace matched pairs of print/block tags print_openings = [] block_openings = [] for mo in self._clean_regex.finditer(orig_data): token = mo.group(0) token_start = mo.start(0) if token[0] == self.environment.variable_start_string[0]: if token == self.environment.block_start_string: block_openings.append(token_start) elif token == self.environment.variable_start_string: print_openings.append(token_start) elif token[1] == self.environment.variable_end_string[1]: prev_idx = None if token == self.environment.block_end_string and block_openings: prev_idx = block_openings.pop() elif token == self.environment.variable_end_string and print_openings: prev_idx = print_openings.pop() if prev_idx is not None: # replace the opening data.seek(prev_idx, os.SEEK_SET) data.write(to_text(self.environment.comment_start_string)) # replace the closing data.seek(token_start, os.SEEK_SET) data.write(to_text(self.environment.comment_end_string)) else: raise AnsibleError("Error while cleaning data for safety: unhandled regex match") ret = data.getvalue() else: ret = orig_data return ret def set_available_variables(self, variables): ''' Sets the list of template variables this Templar instance will use to template things, so we don't have to pass them around between internal methods. We also clear the template cache here, as the variables are being changed. ''' if not isinstance(variables, dict): raise AnsibleAssertionError("the type of 'variables' should be a dict but was a %s" % (type(variables))) self._available_variables = variables self._cached_result = {} def template(self, variable, convert_bare=False, preserve_trailing_newlines=True, escape_backslashes=True, fail_on_undefined=None, overrides=None, convert_data=True, static_vars=None, cache=True, disable_lookups=False): ''' Templates (possibly recursively) any given data as input. If convert_bare is set to True, the given data will be wrapped as a jinja2 variable ('{{foo}}') before being sent through the template engine. ''' static_vars = [''] if static_vars is None else static_vars # Don't template unsafe variables, just return them. if hasattr(variable, '__UNSAFE__'): return variable if fail_on_undefined is None: fail_on_undefined = self._fail_on_undefined_errors try: if convert_bare: variable = self._convert_bare_variable(variable) if isinstance(variable, string_types): result = variable if self._contains_vars(variable): # Check to see if the string we are trying to render is just referencing a single # var. In this case we don't want to accidentally change the type of the variable # to a string by using the jinja template renderer. We just want to pass it. only_one = self.SINGLE_VAR.match(variable) if only_one: var_name = only_one.group(1) if var_name in self._available_variables: resolved_val = self._available_variables[var_name] if isinstance(resolved_val, NON_TEMPLATED_TYPES): return resolved_val elif resolved_val is None: return C.DEFAULT_NULL_REPRESENTATION # Using a cache in order to prevent template calls with already templated variables sha1_hash = None if cache: variable_hash = sha1(text_type(variable).encode('utf-8')) options_hash = sha1( ( text_type(preserve_trailing_newlines) + text_type(escape_backslashes) + text_type(fail_on_undefined) + text_type(overrides) ).encode('utf-8') ) sha1_hash = variable_hash.hexdigest() + options_hash.hexdigest() if cache and sha1_hash in self._cached_result: result = self._cached_result[sha1_hash] else: result = self.do_template( variable, preserve_trailing_newlines=preserve_trailing_newlines, escape_backslashes=escape_backslashes, fail_on_undefined=fail_on_undefined, overrides=overrides, disable_lookups=disable_lookups, ) if not USE_JINJA2_NATIVE: unsafe = hasattr(result, '__UNSAFE__') if convert_data and not self._no_type_regex.match(variable): # if this looks like a dictionary or list, convert it to such using the safe_eval method if (result.startswith("{") and not result.startswith(self.environment.variable_start_string)) or \ result.startswith("[") or result in ("True", "False"): eval_results = safe_eval(result, locals=self._available_variables, include_exceptions=True) if eval_results[1] is None: result = eval_results[0] if unsafe: result = wrap_var(result) else: # FIXME: if the safe_eval raised an error, should we do something with it? pass # we only cache in the case where we have a single variable # name, to make sure we're not putting things which may otherwise # be dynamic in the cache (filters, lookups, etc.) if cache: self._cached_result[sha1_hash] = result return result elif isinstance(variable, (list, tuple)): return [self.template( v, preserve_trailing_newlines=preserve_trailing_newlines, fail_on_undefined=fail_on_undefined, overrides=overrides, disable_lookups=disable_lookups, ) for v in variable] elif isinstance(variable, (dict, Mapping)): d = {} # we don't use iteritems() here to avoid problems if the underlying dict # changes sizes due to the templating, which can happen with hostvars for k in variable.keys(): if k not in static_vars: d[k] = self.template( variable[k], preserve_trailing_newlines=preserve_trailing_newlines, fail_on_undefined=fail_on_undefined, overrides=overrides, disable_lookups=disable_lookups, ) else: d[k] = variable[k] return d else: return variable except AnsibleFilterError: if self._fail_on_filter_errors: raise else: return variable def is_template(self, data): ''' lets us know if data has a template''' if isinstance(data, string_types): try: new = self.do_template(data, fail_on_undefined=True) except (AnsibleUndefinedVariable, UndefinedError): return True except: return False return (new != data) elif isinstance(data, (list, tuple)): for v in data: if self.is_template(v): return True elif isinstance(data, dict): for k in data: if self.is_template(k) or self.is_template(data[k]): return True return False def templatable(self, data): ''' returns True if the data can be templated w/o errors ''' templatable = True try: self.template(data) except: templatable = False return templatable def _contains_vars(self, data): ''' returns True if the data contains a variable pattern ''' if isinstance(data, string_types): for marker in (self.environment.block_start_string, self.environment.variable_start_string, self.environment.comment_start_string): if marker in data: return True return False def _convert_bare_variable(self, variable): ''' Wraps a bare string, which may have an attribute portion (ie. foo.bar) in jinja2 variable braces so that it is evaluated properly. ''' if isinstance(variable, string_types): contains_filters = "|" in variable first_part = variable.split("|")[0].split(".")[0].split("[")[0] if (contains_filters or first_part in self._available_variables) and self.environment.variable_start_string not in variable: return "%s%s%s" % (self.environment.variable_start_string, variable, self.environment.variable_end_string) # the variable didn't meet the conditions to be converted, # so just return it as-is return variable def _finalize(self, thing): ''' A custom finalize method for jinja2, which prevents None from being returned. This avoids a string of ``"None"`` as ``None`` has no importance in YAML. If using ANSIBLE_JINJA2_NATIVE we bypass this and return the actual value always ''' if USE_JINJA2_NATIVE: return thing return thing if thing is not None else '' def _fail_lookup(self, name, *args, **kwargs): raise AnsibleError("The lookup `%s` was found, however lookups were disabled from templating" % name) def _query_lookup(self, name, *args, **kwargs): ''' wrapper for lookup, force wantlist true''' kwargs['wantlist'] = True return self._lookup(name, *args, **kwargs) def _lookup(self, name, *args, **kwargs): instance = self._lookup_loader.get(name.lower(), loader=self._loader, templar=self) if instance is not None: wantlist = kwargs.pop('wantlist', False) allow_unsafe = kwargs.pop('allow_unsafe', C.DEFAULT_ALLOW_UNSAFE_LOOKUPS) errors = kwargs.pop('errors', 'strict') from ansible.utils.listify import listify_lookup_plugin_terms loop_terms = listify_lookup_plugin_terms(terms=args, templar=self, loader=self._loader, fail_on_undefined=True, convert_bare=False) # safely catch run failures per #5059 try: ran = instance.run(loop_terms, variables=self._available_variables, **kwargs) except (AnsibleUndefinedVariable, UndefinedError) as e: raise AnsibleUndefinedVariable(e) except Exception as e: if self._fail_on_lookup_errors: msg = u"An unhandled exception occurred while running the lookup plugin '%s'. Error was a %s, original message: %s" % \ (name, type(e), to_text(e)) if errors == 'warn': display.warning(msg) elif errors == 'ignore': display.display(msg, log_only=True) else: raise AnsibleError(to_native(msg)) ran = None if ran and not allow_unsafe: if wantlist: ran = wrap_var(ran) else: try: ran = UnsafeProxy(",".join(ran)) except TypeError: # Lookup Plugins should always return lists. Throw an error if that's not # the case: if not isinstance(ran, Sequence): raise AnsibleError("The lookup plugin '%s' did not return a list." % name) # The TypeError we can recover from is when the value *inside* of the list # is not a string if len(ran) == 1: ran = wrap_var(ran[0]) else: ran = wrap_var(ran) if self.cur_context: self.cur_context.unsafe = True return ran else: raise AnsibleError("lookup plugin (%s) not found" % name) def do_template(self, data, preserve_trailing_newlines=True, escape_backslashes=True, fail_on_undefined=None, overrides=None, disable_lookups=False): if USE_JINJA2_NATIVE and not isinstance(data, string_types): return data # For preserving the number of input newlines in the output (used # later in this method) data_newlines = _count_newlines_from_end(data) if fail_on_undefined is None: fail_on_undefined = self._fail_on_undefined_errors try: # allows template header overrides to change jinja2 options. if overrides is None: myenv = self.environment.overlay() else: myenv = self.environment.overlay(overrides) # Get jinja env overrides from template if hasattr(data, 'startswith') and data.startswith(JINJA2_OVERRIDE): eol = data.find('\n') line = data[len(JINJA2_OVERRIDE):eol] data = data[eol + 1:] for pair in line.split(','): (key, val) = pair.split(':') key = key.strip() setattr(myenv, key, ast.literal_eval(val.strip())) # Adds Ansible custom filters and tests myenv.filters.update(self._get_filters(myenv.filters)) myenv.tests.update(self._get_tests()) if escape_backslashes: # Allow users to specify backslashes in playbooks as "\\" instead of as "\\\\". data = _escape_backslashes(data, myenv) try: t = myenv.from_string(data) except TemplateSyntaxError as e: raise AnsibleError("template error while templating string: %s. String: %s" % (to_native(e), to_native(data))) except Exception as e: if 'recursion' in to_native(e): raise AnsibleError("recursive loop detected in template string: %s" % to_native(data)) else: return data # jinja2 global is inconsistent across versions, this normalizes them t.globals['dict'] = dict if disable_lookups: t.globals['query'] = t.globals['q'] = t.globals['lookup'] = self._fail_lookup else: t.globals['lookup'] = self._lookup t.globals['query'] = t.globals['q'] = self._query_lookup t.globals['finalize'] = self._finalize jvars = AnsibleJ2Vars(self, t.globals) self.cur_context = new_context = t.new_context(jvars, shared=True) rf = t.root_render_func(new_context) try: res = j2_concat(rf) if getattr(new_context, 'unsafe', False): res = wrap_var(res) except TypeError as te: if 'StrictUndefined' in to_native(te): errmsg = "Unable to look up a name or access an attribute in template string (%s).\n" % to_native(data) errmsg += "Make sure your variable name does not contain invalid characters like '-': %s" % to_native(te) raise AnsibleUndefinedVariable(errmsg) else: display.debug("failing because of a type error, template data is: %s" % to_native(data)) raise AnsibleError("Unexpected templating type error occurred on (%s): %s" % (to_native(data), to_native(te))) if USE_JINJA2_NATIVE and not isinstance(res, string_types): return res if preserve_trailing_newlines: # The low level calls above do not preserve the newline # characters at the end of the input data, so we use the # calculate the difference in newlines and append them # to the resulting output for parity # # jinja2 added a keep_trailing_newline option in 2.7 when # creating an Environment. That would let us make this code # better (remove a single newline if # preserve_trailing_newlines is False). Once we can depend on # that version being present, modify our code to set that when # initializing self.environment and remove a single trailing # newline here if preserve_newlines is False. res_newlines = _count_newlines_from_end(res) if data_newlines > res_newlines: res += self.environment.newline_sequence * (data_newlines - res_newlines) return res except (UndefinedError, AnsibleUndefinedVariable) as e: if fail_on_undefined: raise AnsibleUndefinedVariable(e) else: display.debug("Ignoring undefined failure: %s" % to_text(e)) return data # for backwards compatibility in case anyone is using old private method directly _do_template = do_template